[双语阅读] WHO’s Science in 5: Living with COVID-19 与新冠病毒病共存

WHO’s Science in 5: Living with COVID-19

Vismita Gupta-Smith:We are entering the fourth year of the pandemic. What do we know so far about Omicron? Are there settings where people are more at risk? And what does the future look like?
Hello and welcome to Science in 5, I’m Vismita Gupta-Smith. We are talking to Dr. Maria Van Kerkhove today. Welcome, Maria. Maria, let’s start with what do we know so far about Omicron?

维斯米塔·古普塔·史密斯：我们正进入大流行病的第四年。到目前为止，我们对奥密克戎了解多少？是否有人面临更大风险的环境？未来是什么样子？

大家好，欢迎来到《科学5》，我是维斯米塔·古普塔·史密斯。我们今天与玛丽亚·范·科霍夫博士交谈。欢迎，玛丽亚。玛丽亚，让我们从目前为止对奥密克戎的了解开始吧？
Dr. Maria Van Kerkhove: Hi, Vismita. Thanks for having me back on Science in 5. Omicron is the latest variant of concern that has been in circulation around the globe for more than a year now. The virus continues to evolve and Omicron continues to evolve. There are more than 500 sub lineages of Omicron that are currently in circulation. Most of these are the BA.5 sub lineages. And we have a global group of individuals around the world that are helping us to track this virus.
玛丽亚·范·科霍夫博士：嗨，维斯米塔。谢谢你让我回到《科学5》。奥密克戎是最新的一种令人担忧的变体，目前已在全球范围内传播了一年多。病毒继续进化，奥密克戎继续进化。目前有500多个奥密克戎亚系正在传播。其中大多数是BA.5亚系。我们在世界各地有一个全球性的个人团体，他们正在帮助我们追踪这种病毒。

What we look at is transmissibility. And all of the Omicron sub lineages are more transmissible than the next. This is what these viruses do. They need to infect individuals. 
我们关注的是传播性。所有奥密克戎亚系都比下一个更具传染性。这就是这些病毒的作用。它们需要感染个体。

But we also look at severity. And what we do know about Omicron in terms of its severity is that there’s a similar level of severity of all of these sub lineages. On average, Omicron was less severe than Delta. But Omicron causes the full spectrum of disease, everything from asymptomatic infection or reinfection, as well as severe disease and death. So it’s really critical that we do all we can to prevent those deaths from occurring.
但我们也关注严重性。就奥密克戎的严重程度而言，我们所知道的是，所有这些亚系的严重程度都相似。平均而言，奥密克戎的严重程度低于德尔塔。但奥密克戎导致了全谱疾病，包括无症状感染或再感染，以及严重疾病和死亡。因此，我们必须尽一切努力防止这些死亡事件的发生。

And we’re also looking at the impact of our interventions, our diagnostics, our therapeutics and our vaccines. And they are holding up very well in terms of our ability to detect this virus around the world. And our vaccines are working incredibly well at preventing severe disease and death. But it is absolutely critical that surveillance is maintained around the world so that we can track the known sub lineages and be able to detect any new variants of concern that may arise because there still is a risk for further variants of concern to emerge.

我们也在研究我们的干预措施、诊断方法、治疗方法和疫苗的影响。就我们在世界各地检测这种病毒的能力而言，他们表现得很好。我们的疫苗在预防严重疾病和死亡方面发挥了令人难以置信的作用。但至关重要的是，在世界各地保持监测，以便我们能够追踪已知的子世系，并能够检测到可能出现的任何新的变异毒株，因为仍然存在进一步出现变异毒株的风险。
Vismita Gupta-Smith: Maria, as governments and individuals seem to be dropping precautionary measures. Tell us about settings where people may be more at risk and what we can do to protect ourselves.
维西米塔·古普塔·史密斯：玛丽亚，政府和个人似乎正在放弃预防措施。告诉我们人们可能面临更大风险的环境，以及我们可以做些什么来保护自己。

Dr. Maria Van Kerkhove:So this is a really critical time right now. As you said, we’ve entered the fourth year of this pandemic and people are tired of talking about COVID and dealing with this. But I think what’s really important to remember is that there’s so much that we can do to reduce the spread, not stop the spread, but reduce it and also save lives right now. It’s about the fundamentals.

玛丽亚·范·克霍夫博士：所以现在是一个非常关键的时刻。正如你所说，我们已经进入了这场大流行病的第四年，人们已经厌倦了谈论新冠肺炎和应对新冠肺炎。但我认为，真正重要的是要记住，我们可以做很多事情来减少传播，而不是阻止传播，而是减少传播，并挽救生命。这关乎基本面。
There are riskier locations than others – indoors is riskier than outdoors; crowded settings are riskier than less crowded settings, for example. But what we need to be able to do is use the tools that exist while we live our lives. Putting on a mask when you’re indoors, when you’re around others is a rational thing to do, and it’s available now because masks are widely available. Making sure that governments invest in ventilation where we live, where we work, where we study. This remains fundamental for respiratory diseases and will help improve and reduce transmission around the world.

有比其他地方更危险的地方——室内比室外更危险；例如，拥挤的环境比不那么拥挤的环境风险更大。但我们需要做的是在生活中使用现有的工具。当你在室内时，当你和别人在一起时，戴上口罩是一件理性的事情，现在可以戴口罩了，因为口罩很普遍。确保在我们居住、工作和学习的地方通风。这仍然是呼吸道疾病的基础，将有助于改善和减少世界各地的传播。

One of the critical things that you can do as an individual is get vaccinated. When we think about vaccination, we have to also consider that 30% of the world has not yet received a single dose. And in every country, we are missing really key individuals. We have not reached the targets of vaccination of 70% in every country. At the present time, each week, between 8 and 10,000 people are dying from COVID-19, and a lot of these are preventable.

作为一个个体，你可以做的关键事情之一就是接种疫苗。当我们考虑疫苗接种时，我们还必须考虑到世界上30%的人尚未接种过一剂疫苗。在每个国家，我们都缺少真正的关键人物。我们还没有达到每个国家70%的疫苗接种目标。目前，每周都有8到10000人死于新冠肺炎，其中很多都是可以预防的。
Vismita Gupta-Smith: Maria, paint us a picture of what the future looks like. What does it mean when we say living with COVID-19?

维斯米塔·古普塔·史密斯：玛丽亚，给我们描绘一幅未来的图景。当我们说与新冠肺炎共存意味着什么？
Dr. Maria Van Kerkhove: COVID-19 is here with us to stay. And what we hope is in 2023 that we can end the emergency everywhere. We are in a much better position to do that because we know so much more about this virus. Although we don’t know everything and we remain humble to learning about this, we have so many tools that can reduce the spread and can save lives now.

玛丽亚·范·科霍夫博士：新冠肺炎将与我们一起留在这里。我们希望在2023年结束各地的紧急情况。我们在这方面的处境要好得多，因为我们对这种病毒了解得太多了。尽管我们并不了解所有情况，我们对了解这一点仍然保存谦虚，但我们现在有很多工具可以减少传播并挽救生命。
You as an individual have a role to play knowing what your risk is, where you live, and taking measures while you live your life to reduce your exposure to the virus. Making sure that you get vaccinated and receive those full doses can prevent you from getting severe disease and dying. We have to remember that we’re entering the fourth year of this pandemic, and COVID-19 is one of the many challenges that we face. We face other infectious hazards like influenza and RSV and other circulating pathogens. But there are many other crises that we are dealing with – with climate change and floods, droughts, war. And so we have to manage. We have to live with COVID responsibly and manage this disease in the context of everything else.

作为一个个体，你有责任知道你的风险是什么，你住在哪里，并在你生活的过程中采取措施减少你接触病毒的风险。确保你接种了疫苗并接受了这些全剂量的疫苗，可以防止你患上严重的疾病和死亡。我们必须记住，我们正进入这场大流行病的第四个年头，新冠肺炎是我们面临的众多挑战之一。我们面临着其他传染性危害，如流感、呼吸道合胞病毒和其他循环病原体。但我们正在应对的还有许多其他危机——气候变化、洪水、干旱和战争。所以我们必须管理。我们必须负责任地应对新冠肺炎，并在所有其他情况下管理这一疾病。
We at WHO are working very hard with all member states to integrate COVID into strengthened surveillance systems and to strengthen disease control programmes so that they’re not standalone programs, but that they are dealt with within strengthened health systems.
我们世界卫生组织正在与所有成员国共同努力，将新型冠状病毒纳入强化的监测系统，并加强疾病控制计划，使其不是独立的计划，而是在强化的卫生系统内处理。

Remember, we’re all fragile, after four years of this, entering our fourth year of this. And it’s important that we be kind to one another. We listen to one another. We help each other through this because we can end this emergency everywhere in 2023.
记住，我们都很脆弱，经历了四年，进入了第四年。我们彼此友好是很重要的。我们彼此倾听。我们互相帮助，因为我们可以在2023年结束各地的紧急情况。

Vismita Gupta-Smith:Thank you, Maria. That was Science in 5 today. Until next time then, stay safe, stay healthy and stick with science.

维斯米塔·古普塔·史密斯：谢谢你，玛丽亚。这是今天《科学5》。直到下一次，保持安全，保持健康，坚持科学。

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